Bot Agreement

Exhibit 10.3.36 LEYTE OPTIMIZATION PROJECT BOT AGREEMENT between PNOC-ENERGY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION and ORMAT CONTENTSARTICLE 1 DEFINITION OF TERMS.................................................21.1 DEFINITIONS...............................................................21.2 INTERPRETATION............................................................9ARTICLE 2 PROJECT............................................................102.1 POWER FACILITY...........................................................102.2 ENERGY CONVERSION........................................................102.3 OWNERSHIP................................................................102.4 COMMENCEMENT AND PROSECUTION OF THE PROJECT..............................11ARTICLE 3 GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE OPERATOR...........................113.1 CONSTRUCTION PERFORMANCE SECURITY........................................113.2 RESPONSIBILITY FOR DAMAGE AND LOSSES.....................................123.3 ENVIRONMENT AND CHANGE OF LAWS...........................................133.4 ORGANIZATION.............................................................14ARTICLE 4 CONSTRUCTION OF THE POWER PLANT....................................154.1 MILESTONE DATES..........................................................154.2 TRANSMISSION LINE, INTERCONNECTION AND GEOTHERMAL FLUID..................164.3 SITE PROVISION...........................................................164.4 INGRESS AND EGRESS RIGHTS OF OPERATOR....................................174.5 EQUIPMENT IMPORTATION....................................................174.6 PERMITS..................................................................184.7 DRAWINGS, DOCUMENTS, DATA & INSTRUCTIONS.................................18 4.7.1 SUBMISSION OF DRAWINGS AND DATA.................................18 4.7.2 MODIFICATION RIGHTS.............................................19 4.7.3 FUTURE MODIFICATION.............................................20 4.7.4 CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE...........................................20 4.7.5 MONITORING RIGHTS...............................................20 4.7.6 DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTS TO BE PROVIDED...........................214.8 DISCLAIMER...............................................................214.9 RESPONSIBILITY FOR UTILITIES.............................................224.10 DELAYS..................................................................224.11 PENALTY DUE TO DELAYS...................................................234.12 LIGHTS AND BARRIERS.....................................................23ARTICLE 5 TESTING OF THE FACILITY............................................235.1 TESTING PROCEDURES.......................................................235.2 TEST SCHEDULES...........................................................24 5.3 NOTICE OF TESTS..........................................................245.4 TESTS BEFORE COMPLETION..................................................245.5 TESTS DURING COOPERATION PERIOD..........................................26ARTICLE 6 OPERATION OF THE FACILITY..........................................276.1 COMPLETION DATE..........................................................276.2 POWER RATES FOR INITIAL DELIVERY.........................................276.3 DEDICATION OF FACILITY...................................................276.4 OPERATING PARAMETERS ....................................................276.5 DISPATCH PROCEDURE.......................................................286.6 ENGINEERING STANDARDS....................................................286.7 ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS..................................................286.8 PROTECTIVE DEVICES.......................................................286.9 INTEGRITY LOSS...........................................................286.10 SETTINGS OF PROTECTIVE DEVICES..........................................296.11 SERVICE COMMITMENT......................................................296.12 MAINTENANCE DURING EMERGENCY............................................296.13 ANNUAL CAPACITY NOMINATION..............................................296.14 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE....................................................296.15 APPROVAL OF MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE........................................306.16 APPROVAL OF OVERHAULS...................................................306.17 COMPLIANCE WITH APPROVED MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE...........................306.18 UNSCHEDULED OUTAGE .....................................................306.19 DAILY OPERATING REPORT..................................................306.20 OPERATING RECORDS.......................................................306.21 PNOC-EDC ACCESS TO THE POWER PLANT......................................31ARTICLE 7 GEOTHERMAL FLUIDS..................................................317.1 GEOTHERMAL FLUID SUPPLY..................................................317.2 NON-CONDENSIBLE GASES & NON-GEOTHERMAL WASTE.............................317.3 SURPLUS CONDENSATE.......................................................327.4 OTHER GEOTHERMAL WASTE...................................................327.5 ENERGY MANAGEMENT........................................................32ARTICLE 8 DELIVERY OF CAPACITY AND ENERGY....................................328.1 OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES...............................................328.2 METERING.................................................................33 8.2.1 METER MAINTENANCE AND OWNERSHIP..................................33 8.2.2 PLANT MONITORING EQUIPMENT.......................................33 8.2.3 METER SEALS AND INSPECTION.......................................34 8.2.4 METER TESTS......................................................34 8.2.5 METER ACCURACY...................................................34 8.3 TERMS OF PAYMENT.........................................................34 8.3.1 CAPACITY PAYMENTS................................................34 8.3.2 ENERGY FEE.......................................................36 8.3.3 ESCALATION.......................................................388.4 BILLING PROCEDURES.......................................................388.5 DISPUTES.................................................................398.6 TAXES....................................................................398.7 PAYMENT PROCEDURES.......................................................40ARTICLE 9 BUYOUT..............................................................409.1 BUYOUT CONDITIONS........................................................409.2 BUYOUT PRICE.............................................................419.3 PAYMENT TERMS............................................................429.4 TRANSFER PROVISION.......................................................42ARTICLE 10 REPRESENTATIONS & WARRANTIES OF THE PARTIES........................4310.1 CORPORATE EXISTENCE.....................................................4310.2 AUTHORIZATIONS..........................................................4310.3 WARRANTY AGAINST CORRUPTION.............................................4310.4 NO SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY...................................................4410.5 GEOTHERMAL SERVICES CONTRACT............................................44ARTICLE 11 INDEMNIFICATION....................................................4411.1 OPERATOR INDEMNIFICATION................................................4411.2 PNOC-EDC INDEMNIFICATION................................................45ARTICLE 12 INSURANCE..........................................................4512.1 APPLICABLE TERMS........................................................4512.2 INSURANCE DURING CONSTRUCTION...........................................4512.3 INSURANCE DURING COOPERATION PERIOD.....................................4612.4 APPROVAL BY PNOC-EDC....................................................4612.5 EQUITABLE ADJUSTMENT....................................................46ARTICLE 13 TRANSFER OF OWNERSHIP..............................................4713.1. TRANSFER OF TITLE......................................................4713.2. DOCUMENTATION COSTS....................................................4713.3 TRAINING OF PNOC-EDC STAFF..............................................4713.4 CONDITION OF POWER PLANT ON TRANSFER....................................48ARTICLE 14 FORCE MAJEURE......................................................4814.1 FORCE MAJEURE...........................................................4814.2 EFFECT OF FORCE MAJEURE.................................................49 14.3 REMEDIES................................................................50ARTICLE 15 SUSPENSION, TERMINATION AND ABANDONMENT............................5115.1 TERMINATION PRIOR TO EFFECTIVITY DATE...................................5115.2 TERMINATION FOR DEFAULT AND SUSPENSION OF DELIVERY......................5315.3 SUSPENSION OF PAYMENT...................................................5415.4 ABANDONMENT.............................................................54 15.4.1 ABANDONMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION................................54 15.4.2 ABANDONMENT DURING COOPERATION PERIOD..........................55ARTICLE 16 SEVERAL OBLIGATIONS................................................56ARTICLE 17 COMMUNICATIONS AND NOTICES.........................................5617.1 COORDINATION MEETINGS...................................................5617.2 COMMUNICATIONS AMONG PARTIES............................................5717.2 NOTICES.................................................................57ARTICLE 18 NON-WAIVER.........................................................58ARTICLE 19 ASSIGNMENT.........................................................58ARTICLE 20 PRIVATIZATION ASSURANCES ..........................................59ARTICLE 21 DISPUTE RESOLUTION; JURISDICTION...................................60ARTICLE 22 ENTIRE AGREEMENT AND SEPARABILITY .................................61ARTICLE 23 GOVERNING LAW......................................................61ARTICLE 24 LIMITATION OF LIABILITY............................................61ARTICLE 25 DURATION OF THE AGREEMENT .........................................6225.1 TERM....................................................................6225.2 SURVIVABILITY...........................................................62ARTICLE 26 EFFECTIVITY........................................................6226.1 PNOC-EDC CONDITIONS ON THE OPERATOR.....................................6226.2 OPERATOR CONDITIONS ON PNOC-EDC.........................................6226.3 OTHER CONDITIONS........................................................6426.4 FULFILLMENT OR WAIVER...................................................65 LEYTE OPTIMIZATION PROJECT BOT AGREEMENTThis Agreement made and executed on this 4th day of August, 1995 by and between: 1. PNOC-ENERGY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, hereinafter referred to as PNOC-EDC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Philippine National Oil Company, a corporation created and organized under Presidential Decree No. 334, as amended, with principal office address at PNPC Complex, Merritt Road, Fort Bonifacio, Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines, herein represented by its President Mr. NAZARIO C. VASQUEZ, who is duly authorized to represent it in this Agreement. 2. ORMAT INC., hereinafter referred to as the Operator, a private corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware, U. S. A. licensed to do business in the Republic of the Philippines through its branch office at 8th Fl., Solid Bank Bldg., 777 Paseo de Roxas, Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines, represented herein by its Vice President, Mr. Jacob Menahem, who is duly authorized to represent it in this Agreement.WITNESSETH THAT WHEREAS, Republic Act 6957 dated July 9, 1990 as amended by RA 7718 (BOT Law) authorized government infrastructure agencies, including PNOC-EDC, to enter into contracts with private contractors for the financing, construction, operation and maintenance of infrastructure projects; WHEREAS, NAPOCOR and PNOC-EDC have previously executed a Memorandum of Understanding for the Development of Geothermal Power Plants in PNOC-EDC Projects, including the geothermal resources of the Leyte Power Optimization Project Areas, where PNOC-EDC holds an existing Geothermal Service Contract. WHEREAS, PNOC-EDC has invited several contractors to submit proposals for the design, construction, operation and maintenance of geothermal power plants on a build-operate-transfer (BOT) basis for the Leyte Geothermal Power Optimization Project Geothermal Service Contract Area, and these power plants will convert PNOC-EDC's geothermal energy into electricity for sale to NAPOCOR; and WHEREAS, the Operator wishes to design, construct, own and operate geothermal electricity generating plants, utilizing the geothermal resources of the Leyte Geothermal Power Optimization Project Area and with a Contracted Capacity of 49.00 MW net and wishes to deliver electricity exclusively on behalf of PNOC-EDC on such terms and conditions as are set forth herein.NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the foregoing presents and themutual covenants hereinafter set forth, the Operator and PNOC-EDC have agreed asfollows:ARTICLE 1 DEFINITION OF TERMS1.1 DEFINITIONSWhen used in this Agreement, the terms below shall have the following meanings:ACCESSION UNDERTAKING: The accession undertaking to be executed in accordancewith Subsection 19(c) and in the form of Annex E.AGREEMENT: This Agreement including attachments, as may be amended from time totime.ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS: The atmospheric conditions specified in the InterfaceData attached hereto as Annex C.BILLING PERIOD: The time interval from 10:00 AM on the twenty-fifth (25th) dayof the current month to 10:00 AM on the twenty fifth (25th) day of the followingmonth where the Operator shall read meters and accumulate data needed for thepurpose of billing capacity and energy delivered to NAPOCOR on behalf ofPNOC-EDC.BOI: The Board of Investments of the Republic of the Philippines.BUYOUT DATE: The meaning specified in Section 9.3.CAPACITY PAYMENT: The total capacity payments made pursuant to Section 8.3.1.COMMERCIAL OPERATION DATE: The first day of the Billing Period following theCompletion Date of each Plant as defined in Section 4.1(a).COMMISSIONING PERIOD: The period of three months prior to the scheduledCompletion Date of Plant 4. The period of four months prior to the scheduledCompletion Date of Plants 1, 2 and 3.COMPLETION DATE: With respect to each Plant, the day upon which the Operatorcertifies to PNOC-EDC that such Plant is capable of operating in accordance withthe Operating Parameters 2 and has successfully completed testing in accordance with Article 5 or the datethat such Plant is deemed completed in accordance with Section 5.4.CONSTRUCTION PERFORMANCE SECURITY: The Performance Security described in Section3.1(a).CONTRACTED CAPACITY: Thirty-five and sixty-five hundredths (35.65) MW (net) forthe period after the Completion Date for Plants 1, 2 and 3 and before theCompletion Date of Plant 4 and forty-nine (49.00) MW (net) for the period afterthe Completion Date of Plant 4 and thereafter for any year during theCooperation Period. Contracted Capacity contemplates availability for theduration of the Cooperation Period and assumes the continuous delivery andacceptance of Geothermal Fluid by PNOC-EDC as specified in the Geothermal FluidSpecifications. Said power shall be the aggregate power of all Plants measuredper Plant at (a) the Interconnection Point MP1 for NAPOCOR Power and (b) theInterconnection Point MP2 for Steamfield Power, each as indicated in Figures C.1- - C.4 in Annex C and Annex C.CONTRACT CAPACITY PRICE: The basic capacity purchase price per kilowatt (kW) permonth for electric capacity nominated by the Operator consisting of the ContractCapacity Rate for Capital Costs (CCR), the Contract Capacity Rate for FixedOperating Costs (OCR), and the Service Fee Rate to reflect Return on Investments(SFR).CONTROL: To establish the electrical output of the Plants through dispatchingprocedures including shut-down and start-up.COOPERATION PERIOD: The period of ten (10) years of commercial operationstarting from the last Commercial Operation Date of Plants 1, 2 and 3 andcontinuing until the 10th anniversary of that Commercial Operation Date.CORRECTION CURVES: The curves, set forth in Annex B, used to adjust the PowerPlant performance for variation in the Geothermal Fluids and AtmosphericConditions from those specified in the Geothermal Fluid Specifications and theInterface Data.EFFECTIVITY DATE: The date upon which PNOC-EDC and the Operator agree that allconditions precedent set forth in Article 26 have been either duly fulfilled orwaived to the satisfaction of the relevant Party.ELECTIVE MODIFICATIONS: Modifications to the Operator's design of the PowerPlant requested by PNOC-EDC that are not solely for the purpose of correctingdesign errors made by the Operator in its design of the Power Plant.EMERGENCY: A condition or situation which in NAPOCOR's sole judgment affectsNAPOCOR's ability to maintain safe, adequate, and continuous electrical service. 3 ENERGY DELIVERED: An amount of energy expressed in kilowatt hours (kWh)generated by the Power Plant which are delivered to NAPOCOR on behalf ofPNOC-EDC at the Point of Interconnection plus those delivered to PNOC-EDC forits own use (points MP1 and MP2 as indicated in Figures C.1 - C.4 in Annex C).ENERGY FEE: The fees payable pursuant to Subsection 8.3.2.FORCE MAJEURE: An event specified in Section 14.1.GENERATING UNIT: A single turbine generator unit, together with its associatedauxiliaries and ancillary plant required to enable it to generate electricityand to be connected to and operate in parallel with NAPOCOR's electricitytransmission system.GEOTHERMAL FLUID: The geothermal steam to be supplied to the Operator byPNOC-EDC and the condensed steam and low pressure steam to be received from theOperator by PNOC-EDC.GEOTHERMAL FLUID SPECIFICATIONS: The design point and other Interface Dataspecifications for and quantities of Geothermal Fluid set forth in Annex Cincluding, without limitation, PNOC-EDC's undertakings to accept low pressuresteam and to accept condensed steam from the Plants for reinjection and/or otherproper disposal.GOVERNMENT: The government of the Republic of the Philippines including all ofits political subdivisions and the agencies and instrumentalities of theforegoing.GUARANTEED COMMERCIAL OPERATION DATE: The dates set forth in Section 4.1 foreach Plant opposite the terms "Guaranteed Commercial Operation Date", as suchdates may be extended pursuant to this Agreement.GUARANTEED NET PLANT STEAM RATE: With respect to each Plant, the Net Plant SteamRate guaranteed by the Operator, which, for any year during the CooperationPeriod, is the amount set forth in Annex I corresponding to such year, ascorrected for variations in Atmospheric Conditions and in the Geothermal Fluidprovided by PNOC-EDC using the Correction Curves.INTERCONNECTION FAILURE: Any event, circumstance or state of facts locatedbeyond the Power Plant side of the Points of Interconnection which curtails oreliminates the ability of NAPOCOR or PNOC-EDC to request and utilize power fromthe Power Plant including, without limitation, problems in interconnection ortransmission equipment located beyond the Points of Interconnection described inAnnex C.NAPOCOR: The National Power Corporation.NAPOCOR ELECTRIC SYSTEM INTEGRITY: Operation of NAPOCOR's electric system in amanner which minimizes risks of injury to persons and/or property and enablesNAPOCOR to provide 4 adequate and reliable electric service to its customers, all in accordance withgenerally and internationally-accepted utility practice.NAPOCOR POWER: An amount of energy (in kWh) delivered to NAPOCOR on behalf ofPNOC-EDC measured in each one of the Plants at the high voltage side of thetransformer (MP1) at the relevant Point of Interconnection as indicated inFigures C.1.-C.4 in Annex C.NET PLANT STEAM RATE: For each Plant, it is the total Geothermal Fluid flow intothe that Plant over a given period of time, expressed in kilograms, divided bythe Energy Delivered over the same period expressed in kWh. Any measurement ofNet Plant Steam Rate shall be corrected for variations in the AtmosphericConditions and in the Geothermal Fluid provided by PNOC-EDC during such periodof time from the Geothermal Fluid Specifications using the Correction Curves.NEWCO: The company organized under the laws of the Republic of the Philippineswhich will be a party to this Agreement by and under the terms of the AccessionUndertaking.NOMINATED CAPACITY: The capacity or amount of power that the Operator guaranteesin accordance with Section 6.13 to deliver to NAPOCOR on behalf of PNOC-EDC fora period of one year, including the Steamfield Power.OPERATING PARAMETERS: The operating parameters set forth in Annex B4 attachedhereto.OPERATING REPRESENTATIVE: Individual(s) appointed by each Party and by NAPOCORfor the purpose of securing effective cooperation and interchange of informationbetween the Parties and NAPOCOR in connection with administration and technicalmatters related to this Agreement and the Power Purchase Agreement.OPERATION PERFORMANCE SECURITY: The Performance Security described in Section3.1(d).OUTAGE: The inability of the Operator to meet a capacity up to the NominatedCapacity when requested by NAPOCOR, provided, that no Outage shall occur if: (a) the capacity adjusted per the Correction Curves which the Operator makes available to NAPOCOR is at least equal to current Nominated Capacity less Steamfield Power; or (b) PNOC-EDC fails to deliver or to accept Geothermal Fluid from any Plant or the Geothermal Fluid delivered to or accepted from any Plant varies from the Geothermal Fluid Specifications and such variation is outside the range of the Correction Curves, except that in as far as acceptance of Geothermal Fluid from the Operator is concerned, PNOC-EDC's obligation under the Geothermal Fluid Specifications is limited to the steam exit pressure only; or 5 (c) an Interconnection Failure has occurred; or (d) the inability of the Operator is due to Force Majeure; or (e) the inability of the Operator is due to Scheduled Maintenance provided that the number of hours in any one year under this clause (e) shall not be considered an Outage, if it does not exceed the number of Scheduled Maintenance hours stated for that year; or (f) the failure by PNOC-EDC or NAPOCOR to request or utilize power from the Power Plant is due to any dispute between PNOC-EDC and NAPOCOR (under the Power Purchase Agreement or otherwise) which did not arise from any default of the Operator under this Agreement, including termination or expiration of the Power Purchase Agreement, OUTAGE HOUR: Any hour in which, due to Outage, the Operator failed, for a continuous period of thirty (30) minutes, to deliver power adjusted per the Correction Curves at a level of at least ninety five percent (95%) of the Nominated Capacity. For the purpose of defining Outage Hour, if NAPOCOR requests dispatch of capacity in excess of the amount defined in Subsection (a) of the definition of Outage, failure to deliver such excess amount shall not constitute an Outage Hour. For purpose of calculating the Total Outage Hours (TOH) for any given period (including Billing Period), the following formula shall be used: n 0.95 x NC - (ACi + NRCi) TOH = (Sigma) ----------------------------------- x Wi i=l0.95 x NCwhere:TOH = Total outage hours in any Billing Period.NC = Nominated Capacity for that Billing Period expressed in kW.n = The number of hours in that Billing Period.ACi = The total power delivered during hour i expressed in kW adjusted per the Correction Curves. 6 NRCi = NC less power requested by NAPOCOR in hour i, expressed in kW.wi = Variable for hour i defined as follows:if,1) (ACi + NRCi) (greater than or equal to) 0.95 x NC; or2) (ACi + NRCi) (less than) 0.95 x NC for a period shorter than 30 continues minutes in hour i; or3) Any of the events defined in Subsections (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) of the definition of Outage occurs during hour i,then wi = 0otherwise wi = 1PARTIES: The contracting parties in this Agreement, referring to the Operatorand PNOC-EDC.PERFORMANCE SECURITY: The Construction Performance Security required to beposted by the Operator to guarantee its performance during the construction ofthe Power Plant and to be converted into the Operation Performance Security toguarantee Operator's performance during the Cooperation Period in accordancewith Section 3.1 hereof.PLANT: Each of the power plants as described in Annex B and Annex C andidentified as follows: Plant 1 is the power plant in Mahanagdong "A" Area; Plant2 is the power plant in Mahanagdong "B" Area; Plant 3 is the power plant inTongonan 1 Area; and Plant 4 is the power plant in Malitbog Area.POINT OF INTERCONNECTION: The point at the interconnection facilities where thetransfer and metering of electrical energy among PNOC-EDC, NAPOCOR and theOperator takes place, which point shall be the transformer high side terminalsat each Plant.POLITICAL FM: An event specified in Section 14.1(b).POWER PLANT: The Operator's generating equipment consisting of four (4) Plantsincluding all of the step-up transformers and switching facilities, togetherwith all protective and other associated 7 equipment and improvements, necessary to produce electrical energy at the Pointof Interconnection of each Plant excluding associated land, land rights andinterests in land, which equipment shall include the proposed Generating Unitswith a total gross capacity of 49.59 MW, conforming to the technicalspecifications set forth in Annex B and Annex C.POWER PURCHASE AGREEMENT: The contractual agreement dated March 04, 1994 andaddendum agreement dated May 06, 1994 between NAPOCOR and PNOC-EDC for the saleby PNOC-EDC of electric capacity and energy from the Leyte project includingthis Power Plant to NAPOCOR.PROTECTIVE APPARATUS: The equipment and apparatus installed by the Operatorand/or NAPOCOR pursuant to Sections 6.8 hereof.SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE: The maintenance referred to in Section 6.14 and approvedin accordance with section 6.15 and 6.16.SCHEDULED OUTAGE: A planned interruption of the Power Plant's generatingcapability that has been scheduled with PNOC-EDC in accordance with Sections6.14 and 6.15 and is for maintenance, testing, inspection, repair, overhauls,replacement, improvement or similar activity.SITE: The land located at the Leyte Power Project Expansion GeothermalReservation to be provided by PNOC-EDC for the construction and operation (andpurposes incidental thereto including all other areas reasonably required toperform the construction and operation) of the Power Plant as more particularlydescribed in Annex A.STEAMFIELD POWER: An amount of energy (in kWh) delivered to PNOC-EDC andmeasured in each one of the Plants at the relevant Points of Interconnection asindicated in Figures C.1 - C.4 of Annex C.T-BILL RATE: The rate per annum, on any day, at which Philippine Treasury Bills(with terms of thirty (30) days or if no such bill with a term of thirty (30)days is issued such bill which is issued having the term nearest to thirty (30)days) were issued by the Government on the Friday immediately preceding suchday, or, if no such bills were issued on such Friday then the day immediatelypreceding such Friday on which such bills were issued.TERMINATION DATE: The date upon which this Agreement is terminated pursuant toArticle 9 or 15.TRANSFER DATE: The day following the last day of the Cooperation Period;provided, however, that in case of termination of this Agreement pursuant toArticle 9, the Transfer Date shall be the date following full payment of theBuyout Price as defined in Section 9.2.TRANSMISSION LINE: Has the meaning specified in Section 4.2. 8 1.2 INTERPRETATION In this Agreement: (a) any reference to an "Article", "Section", or "Clause" is a reference to an article or section hereof or an annex hereto or a clause or section in an annex hereto; (b) the headings and sub-headings appear as a matter of convenience and shall not affect the construction of this Agreement; (c) the singular ...